Excerpt. The complete work is at the source.
In April 2005 the Linux kernel lost its free licence to BitKeeper, and Torvalds wrote a replacement in four days. The first commit, on 7 April, carried the message "Initial revision of 'git', the information manager from hell" and a README that opened like this.
The commit held eleven files. The design underneath is in the word "content": every file, directory, and commit is stored under the SHA-1 hash of its contents, so the history is a graph of immutable objects and a repository can be copied in full to any machine. That design is why git could be self-hosting on the day it was written and why, twenty years later, nearly all software is kept in it. The README is here because of its voice. A tool that now underlies the world's code began as a four-day hack, named in irritation, and said so.